Know your hair.

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2021.02.25Hair care

Know your hair.

The appendage that projects from the epidermis is known as the hair shaft. The hair shaft is comprised of three layers: the cuticle, cortex, and medulla.

The cuticle is the hair’s outer most layer which has shingle or scale like cells that overlap. These cells work defensively to prevent damage to the hair’s inner structure and to control water content of hair fiber. The middle structure includes the cortex which provides strength, color and texture of the hair. The innermost structure is the medulla layer which is only present in large thick hairs. The shingle like cells of the cuticle layer point toward the ends of the hair and are raised during chemical processes. When the cells are raised, solutions are able to enter into the cortex layer.

The improper use of tools, heat, excessive manipulation and chemical over-processing can cause damage to the cuticle layer of the hair, weakening the integrity of the hair. To prevent hair damage, take a proactive approach to healthy hair care by scheduling an appointment with a stylist.

The middle layer of the hair is known as the cortex, and it has many different functions. Approximately 90 percent of hair’s total weight lies within the cortex layer. Elongated cells form a fibrous substance that gives strength and elasticity to the hair. The cortex also houses the pigment (melanin) that gives hair its natural color. Services such as chemical hair relaxing, thermal styling, wet setting and hair coloring oxidation cause temporary and permanent changes to the hair. These changes take place in the cortex layer.

The medulla, also referred to as the pith or marrow of the hair, is the innermost layer. Composed of round cells, this layer is normally found in thick and/or coarse hair. Naturally blonde and fine hair generally does not have a medulla. The function of this layer of hair does not affect the hair care services conducted by salon professionals.

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